What is Pneumatic Punch Press Machine?
Sheet metal pneumatic punch press machine, also known as pneumatic power press machine. It’s a general-purpose processing equipment used for various metal processing procedures such as punching, blanking, bending, folding, stretching, etc. It is widely used in electronic components, instruments and meters, motors, watches, toys, tableware, daily hardware, household appliances, automobiles, tractors and other industries.
Types of Pneumatic Punch Press Machine
1. By body structure
C Frame Pneumatic Punch Press/Open Type: With a “C”-shaped frame, this compact frame structure design makes it take up less space, easy to operate in a limited space, and easy to move and install to different workplaces.
It is often used for light metal processing tasks such as punching, bending and simple forming.
H Frame Pneumatic Punch Press/Close Type: The H-frame pneumatic punch press has a sturdy “H”-shaped frame consisting of four vertical columns and two horizontal beams. This design provides extremely high rigidity and stability.
It is suitable for heavy-duty operations such as deep drawing, forging, bending and complex forming.
2. By the Structures
Guide post and guide bush type punch press: This is a type of press machine uses guide posts and guide bushes to achieve alignment and support between the upper and lower dies (For example, World Group JS39 model). The guide posts and bushes ensure stability and accuracy of the die movement during high-speed operation, thereby guaranteeing machining precision and process stability. Additionally, the interaction between the guide posts and bushes helps transfer the frictional forces between the dies to these components, preventing direct wear on the press structure and extending the machine’s service life.
Crankshaft and connecting rod type punch press: This kind of press use crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism to convert rotary motion into linear motion of the ram (slide). It features high transmission efficiency, adjustable stroke length, and the ability to withstand significant impact loads. The crank-slider mechanism is the core component of this press type; its rigid connection and forced motion characteristics enable stable operation within a set stroke range.
Crankshaft and connecting rod type punch press can be divided into single-point pneumatic press and double-point pneumatic press according to the number of crankshaft connecting rod structures.
Single-Point Pneumatic Press: There is only one crank connecting rod mechanism, usually used for smaller stamping tasks.
Double-Point Pneumatic Press: Equipped with two crank-connecting rod mechanisms, it can withstand greater loads and is suitable for medium-duty punching tasks.
How Does A Pneumatic Press Work?
Sheet metal pneumatic punch press machine uses compressed air as the power source, and uses pneumatic components and mechanical transmission mechanisms to complete the punching operation. The power of the pneumatic punching machine comes from the high-pressure gas generated by the compressor. These gases are transported to the solenoid valve through the pipeline, and the solenoid valve opens or closes according to the control signal, thereby controlling the movement of the cylinder.
The core component of the sheet metal pneumatic punch press is the clutch, which can transmit the inertial force of the flywheel to the crankshaft, connecting rod and slider, so that the slider moves linearly on the guide rail.
The stroke speed of the press slide is mainly affected by the crankshaft and its overall design structure, the matching of the connecting rod and the crankshaft, and especially the hardness of the crankshaft material. For example, the 40CR forging die crankshaft used by World Group is processed by rolling process after machining to ensure wear resistance and crankshaft life after long-term use. In addition, the drive, transmission system and control system of the press also play a key role in the slide stroke speed. When leaving the factory, the number of strokes of the press slide can be set to a fixed value within a limited range, and by adding a frequency converter, the number of slide strokes can also be adjusted to a variable value.
Through the control device, the operator can start or stop the movement of the cylinder. When the cylinder moves downward, it pushes the slide to perform the punching operation. When the cylinder returns upward, the slide stops and prepares for the next punching operation.
Advantages of Pneumatic Punch Presses
1. The punch speed and pressure of the pneumatic punch press can be precisely controlled to ensure processing accuracy and dimensional stability.
2. The pneumatic punch press uses compressed air as a power source, and does not have the risk of hydraulic oil leakage like a hydraulic punch, so it is more environmentally friendly.
3. The safety performance of the pneumatic punch press is better than that of the traditional mechanical punch. Its built-in safety devices such as photoelectric protection, emergency stop button and double solenoid valve effectively reduce the operating risk.
4. Compared with the hydraulic punch, the pneumatic punch press has low noise during operation, no vibration and electromagnetic interference generated by the oil pressure system, which is friendly to the working environment and reduces the harm to the health of workers.
5. In addition, the speed of the pneumatic punch press is faster than that of the hydraulic punch. The hydraulic punch relies on the hydraulic cylinder to move, the inertia of the hydraulic system is large, and the reaction speed is relatively slow.
Pneumatic Power Press Machines Using Precautions
Before installing and using pneumatic punching machines, we must carefully read the instructions and user manuals provided by the manufacturer to fully master the use, preparation, and maintenance steps. The following are only some safety instructions for your reference. We need to be more cautious during actual use to prevent personal accidents and machine damage.
1. The handling, lifting and installation of the press must be carried out by specialized technicians to avoid any damage to the machine body. When the machine tool is lying and transported, the oil in the oil pool of the machine body gear box, the ball head of the slider, and the lubricating oil pump must be removed to prevent the oil from leaking (generally, it has been drained when leaving the factory). Before moving, a roller must be used to pad the bottom.
2. Install necessary safety devices, such as two-handed operation buttons, photoelectric safety devices, second-degree drop devices, guardrail devices, etc.
3. Operators must undergo rigorous training and reach the qualification before using the machine. It is strictly forbidden to wear loose clothing and ornaments during operation. Safety helmets, protective glasses, safety work shoes, masks, gloves and other protective products should be used as needed.
4. The machine cannot be used beyond the specification range, and the press cannot be used under conditions that deviate from normal use, such as tilting or high-temperature processing. The temperature in the factory should be within the range of 5-40℃.
5. The front and rear dimensions of the upper mold should be smaller than the front and rear dimensions of the slider. Otherwise, the safety device cannot function normally, which will cause personal accidents.
If you want to know more about the operating precautions of the World brand pneumatic punch press, welcome to contact us to get a complete user manual.
Precautions For Lubrication Of Pneumatic Punch Presses
(taking World brand machines as an example)
1. The specified oil must be used. It is strictly forbidden to use different types of oils and mixed oils of new and old oils. Otherwise, the lubrication function will be lost, and the sliding parts will be damaged.
2. Various oils should be used with caution, and protective equipment such as protective glasses and gloves should be used. In particular, the oil that has just been used up in the press is often in a high temperature state. If you are not careful, it will cause a scalding accident. It must be left for a while before operation.
3. If metal flakes, metal powders and foreign matter are found mixed in the replaced oil (waste oil), it may be that the internal components are damaged. Please contact the maintenance department of World Precision Machinery.
4. The oil should be wiped clean immediately after it flows out. Once the oil enters the control device, it will cause malfunction due to poor insulation.
5. JH21-25 series presses use electric concentrated oil pumps to supply oil to each lubrication point. Refuel for 2 minutes before starting the machine. The subsequent oil supply is controlled by PLC, and the oil volume at each point is transported by a quantitative oil distributor to ensure the amount of lubricating oil at each lubrication point.
6. The large gear, small gear, adjusting screw, worm wheel and worm gear need to be immersed in the oil pool for lubrication. The oil level gauge should be checked daily, and the oil pool of the gearbox should be changed regularly, generally once every six months.
If you need a comprehensive World brand pneumatic punch maintenance guide, please contact us to obtain the manual!
